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| Chevignon, Germain; Boyd, Bret M.; Brandt, Jayce W.; Oliver, Kerry M.; Strand, Michael R.. |
| Many insects host facultative, bacterial symbionts that confer conditional fitness benefits to their hosts. Hamiltonella defensa is a common facultative symbiont of aphids that provides protection against parasitoid wasps. Protection levels vary among strains of H. defensa that are also differentially infected by bacteriophages named APSEs. However, little is known about trait variation among strains because only one isolate has been fully sequenced. Generating complete genomes for facultative symbionts is hindered by relatively large genome sizes but low abundances in hosts like aphids that are very small. Here, we took advantage of methods for culturing H. defensa outside of aphids to generate complete genomes and transcriptome data for four strains of... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Insect; Aphid; Bacteria; Comparative genomics; Parasitoid; Defense. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00635/74665/74590.pdf |
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| van Doorn-Hoekveld, Willemijn J.; Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law, Utrecht University School of Law, The Netherlands; w.j.hoekveld@uu.nl; Suykens, Cathy; KU Leuven, Belgium; cathy.suykens@kuleuven.be; Homewood, Stephen; Flood Hazard Research Centre, Middlesex University London, England; stephenhomewood@yahoo.co.uk; Chmielewski, Piotr J.; Institute for Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland; piotr.chmielewski1990@gmail.com; Matczak, Piotr; Institute for Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland; Institute of Sociology, Adam Mickiewicz University; matczak@amu.edu.pl; van Rijswick, Helena F.M.W; Utrecht Centre for Water, Oceans and Sustainability Law, Utrecht University School of Law, The Netherlands; H.vanRijswick@uu.nl. |
| We seek to examine the manner in which either the EU member states of France, the Netherlands, Poland, and Sweden or parts of them, such as the country of England in the UK or the Flemish Region in Belgium, deal with the distributional effects of the flood risk management strategies prevention, defense, and mitigation. Measures carried out in each of these strategies can cause preflood harm, as in the devaluation of property or loss of income. However, different member states and authorities address this harm in different ways. A descriptive overview of the different compensation regimes in the field of flood risk management is followed by an analysis of these differences and an explanation of what may cause them, such as the geographical differences that... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Defense; é Galité Devant les charges publiques; Equity; Flood risk management; Legitimacy; Loss; No-fault liability; Preflood compensation; Prevention; Protection of property rights; Solidarity; Spatial planning. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Abi-khalil, Celina; Lopez-joven, Carmen; Abadie, Eric; Savar, Veronique; Amzil, Zouher; Laabir, Mohamed; Rolland, Jean-luc. |
| The multifactorial etiology of massive Crassostrea gigas summer mortalities results from complex interactions between oysters, opportunistic pathogens and environmental factors. In a field survey conducted in 2014 in the Mediterranean Thau Lagoon (France), we evidenced that the development of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella, which produces paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), was concomitant with the accumulation of PSTs in oyster flesh and the occurrence of C. gigas mortalities. In order to investigate the possible role of toxic algae in this complex disease, we experimentally infected C. gigas oyster juveniles with Vibrio tasmaniensis strain LGP32, a strain associated with oyster summer mortalities, after oysters were exposed to Alexandrium... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Harmful algae; Environment; Interaction; Pathogens; Defense; Paralytic shellfish toxin. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00309/42016/41308.pdf |
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| ROTHÄUSLER,EVA; MACAYA,ERASMO C; MOLIS,MARKUS; WAHL,MARTIN; THIEL,MARTIN. |
| Macroalgae can defend themselves against generalist and specialist herbivores via morphological and/or chemical traits. Herein we examined the defensive responses (via relative palatability) of two brown (Lessonia nigrescens, Glossophora kunthii) and two red algae (Grateloupia doryphora, Chondracanthus chamissoi) from the northern-central coast of Chile against selected generalist meso-herbivores. Two laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate whether (i) algae can respond generally to grazing pressure of meso-herbivores (amphipods, isopods and juvenile sea urchins) and whether (ii) these algal responses were inducible. In order to examine palatability and thus effectiveness of responses, feeding assays were run after each experiment using fresh... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Palatability; Defense; Meso-herbivores; Macroalgae. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2005000400001 |
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| Vieira, Christophe; Stenger, Pierre-louis; Moleana, Thibaud; De Clerck, Olivier; Payri, Claude. |
| The genus Lobophora is a notable benthic algal component of tropical coral reefs, capable of dominating large reef areas following coral mortality and herbivory declines. The alga, however, has been the object of contradictory observations in terms of susceptibility to herbivory. Unaware of the species-richness of this genus, most studies referred to Lobophora variegata, a species assumed to present various morphotypes and chemotypes, occupying diverse ecological niches. Variation in susceptibility to herbivory has been consequently interpreted as intraspecific variation in terms of morphology and chemical composition as well as differences in herbivore guild compositions and diet across different locations (e.g., habitat, reef, region). Recent taxonomic... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Defense; Escape; Herbivory; Lobophora; Macroalgae. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00503/61491/67518.pdf |
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